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  1. Esophageal neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are extremely rare. Published information on their clinical features, pathological findings, and prognosis is lacking. The optimal treatment for esophageal NECs has ...

    Authors: Takahiro Enjoji, Shinichiro Kobayashi, Kohei Hayashi, Hanako Tetsuo, Ryo Matsumoto, Yasuhiro Maruya, Tomonori Araki, Takuya Honda, Yuko Akazawa, Kengo Kanetaka, Kazuhiko Nakao and Susumu Eguchi
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:28
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  2. Incomplete differentiation of the mitral valve structures during fetal life results in the papillary muscles and tendon cords becoming hypoplastic, a condition termed undifferentiated papillary muscles (UDPM)....

    Authors: Masato Hayama, Chihaya Ito, Yuichi Morita, Masayuki Shimizu, Masato Furui, Hitoshi Matsumura, Yoshio Hayashida, Mizuki Sumi, Go Kuwahara, Kiyoyuki Eishi and Hideichi Wada
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:27
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  3. Coarctation of the aorta is a relatively common congenital heart defect. Various operative techniques have been proposed for aortic coarctation repair, which are tailored to individual patient circumstances. H...

    Authors: Kyohei Hatori, Jun Mohara, Miyuki Murata and Tetsuya Koyano
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:26
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  4. The surgical management of critical aortic stenosis, mitral regurgitation, and left ventricular dysfunction is a significant clinical challenge. Whether left ventricular function will recover to support system...

    Authors: Yuta Teguri, Takashi Kido, Koji Miwa, Tomomitsu Kanaya, Shigemitsu Iwai, Hisaaki Aoki and Sanae Tsumura
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:25
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  5. Simultaneous surgery for synchronous double cancers of the esophagus and lung is so invasive that minimally invasive surgical procedures are preferred. For left lung cancer, there are few reports on simultaneo...

    Authors: Kenji Kameyama, Koji Takao, Atsushi Shiozaki, Hitoshi Fujiwara and Tsunehiro Ii
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:24
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  6. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lung grows gradually, and spreads along the bronchial wall, often requiring tracheobronchoplastic procedure during surgery; however, incomplete resection occasionally occurs due...

    Authors: Hidenori Kawasaki, Hironobu Hoshino, Shoko Nakasone, Hiroki Kawabata, Tomofumi Yohena and Eriko Atsumi
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:23
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  7. A 17-year-old female was transferred to our hospital due to high fever, general fatigue, and dim eyesight. Three weeks before, she had used cosmetic colored contact lenses and then suffered from bloodshot eyes...

    Authors: Susumu Ishikawa, Hiroki Matsunaga, Hideki Mishima, Yasushi Katayama, Koichi Yuri, Koichi Ohashi and Daisuke Abe
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:22
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  8. Cardiac tamponade caused by coronary artery injury is an extremely rare postlobectomy complication. Herein, we present a case of cardiac tamponade due to coronary artery injury after a left upper lobectomy for...

    Authors: Toru Kawakami, Tomohiro Iwakura, Ken Chen, Jun Atsumi, Kiyomi Shimoda, Miyako Hiramatsu and Yuji Shiraishi
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:21
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  9. Two patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) concomitant with cor triatriatum underwent the staged Norwood procedure following hybrid palliation. Cor triatriatum was diagnosed after birth in both case...

    Authors: Yukino Iijima, Takaya Hoashi, Takuro Kojima, Haruhiro Nagase, Yuji Fuchigami and Takaaki Suzuki
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:20
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  11. Repair of multiple thoracic aneurysms with vocal fold palsy represents a surgical challenge. Here, we present a case of multiple cervical and thoracic aortic aneurysms with right vocal fold palsy successfully ...

    Authors: Yuki Imamura, Yoshiaki Saito, Kenyu Murata, Rin Itokawa, Ryo Taguchi and Masahito Minakawa
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:18
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  12. A 59-year-old male underwent Bio-Bentall + total arch replacement with a frozen elephant trunk for acute type A aortic dissection before at another hospital. He was diagnosed as mediastinitis and previous gra...

    Authors: Tasuku Okada, Yojiro Koda, Katsuhiro Yamanaka and Kenji Okada
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:17
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  13. Left ventricular pseudo-false aneurysm is a rare complication of myocardial infarction and generally caused by an intramyocardial dissecting hematoma due to a fragile myocardium. The serpiginous dissecting cas...

    Authors: Ryo Yamaguchi, Satoshi Ohki, Kiyomitsu Yasuhara, Shuichi Okonogi, Ayako Nagasawa, Takao Miki, Yusuke Kato and Tamiyuki Obayashi
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:16
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  15. There is no high level of evidence for the treatment of fistulous empyema. We report here a promising technique for closure of a bronchopleural fistula using costal cartilage as a bronchial embolus.

    Authors: Yoshiki Kato, Yasoo Sugiura, Hiroyuki Fujimoto and Toshinori Hashizume
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:14
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  17. An aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) is the most common congenital variant of the aortic arch and occurs in 0.5–1.8% of the population. Most patients with ARSA remain asymptomatic; however, symptoms asso...

    Authors: Yusuke Shintani, Satoru Tobinaga, Hiroyuki Saisho, Takanori Kono, Eiki Tayama, Shigeaki Aoyagi and Hiroshi Yasunaga
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:12
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  18. Pyogenic spondylitis or intervertebral discitis rarely spreads into the thoracic cavity, resulting in pyothorax. Moreover, no study has reported methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as a cause. Cons...

    Authors: Naoya Kitamura, Yoshifumi Shimada, Hayato Futakawa, Hiroto Makino, Yusuke Takegoshi, Hitoshi Kawasuji, Keitaro Tanabe, Toshihiro Ojima, Koichiro Shimoyama, Yoshihiro Yamamoto, Yoshiharu Kawaguchi and Tomoshi Tsuchiya
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:11
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  19. The mechanical complications associated with acute myocardial infarction can be fatal. We report a life-saving case of a very elderly patient with consecutive mechanical complications of acute myocardial infar...

    Authors: Makoto Takehara, Sanae Tomotsuka, Shinichi Tsumaru and Takeshi Shimamoto
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:10
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  20. Angiosarcomas are soft-tissue sarcomas of endothelial cells that can arise from any site in the body. Primary mediastinal angiosarcoma is rare, with an extremely poor prognosis and currently no established tre...

    Authors: Koki Ikemoto, Satoshi Numata, Takuma Kobayashi and Hitoshi Yaku
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:9
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  21. Stent graft-induced new entry (SINE) after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is a serious adverse event which leads to stent graft migration and rupture. SINE is known to be more frequent in cases of...

    Authors: Itaru Hosaka, Takeshi Uzuka, Riko Umeta and Akihiko Sasaki
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:8
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  22. Florida sleeve procedure is an operative technique for aortic root reconstruction that offers advantages such as reduced bleeding risk, shorter operation time, and improved formation of the atrioventricular ju...

    Authors: Yutaro Matsuno and Shigeru Ikenaga
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:7
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  23. Most surgeons agree that symptomatic mediastinal bronchogenic cysts should be resected, and complete resection is considered mandatory to avoid recurrence. However, a symptomatic mediastinal bronchogenic cyst ...

    Authors: Tomonori Furugen, Takao Teruya, Shoko Nakasone, Hidenori Kawasaki, Masahiro Toyama, Keita Miyaishi, Syotaro Higa, Mizuki Ando, Tatsuya Maeda, Yuya Kise, Hitoshi Inafuku, Moriyasu Nakaema, Takaaki Nagano and Kojiro Furukawa
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:6
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  24. Mediastinal lymphatic tumors are relatively rare. The prognosis is poor but has improved due to recent advances in treatment strategies. Herein, we report a case of mediastinal lymphoma diagnosed using surgica...

    Authors: Masao Kobayashi, Toru Kimura, Hideki Nagata, Eriko Fukui, Takashi Kanou, Naoko Ose, Soichiro Funaki, Masako Kurashige, Eiichi Morii and Yasushi Shintani
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:5
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  25. Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a rare and life-threatening condition, with high morbidity and mortality. Consequently, appropriate and prompt diagnosis and treatment are necessary. Herein, we re...

    Authors: Yu Norimatsu, Naoki Enomoto, Daiki Kato, Shusuke Yagi, Kyoko Nohara, Kazuhiko Yamada and Norihiro Kokudo
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:4
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  26. Atrio-esophageal fistula is a rare but still a catastrophic complication of radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation. We report a successful case of atrio-esophageal fistula with right posterolateral tho...

    Authors: Kohei Hachiro, Noriyuki Takashima, Kentaro Matsuoka, Katsushi Takebayashi, Sachiko Kaida, Masaji Tani and Tomoaki Suzuki
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:3
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  27. Primary lung cancer arising in a transplanted lung is much rarer than cancer arising in a native lung. We herein describe a case of lung cancer developing in a transplanted lung after single-lung transplantati...

    Authors: Koji Aze, Masaaki Sato, Masaaki Nagano and Jun Nakajima
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:2
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  28. Repeat surgery is common in adult congenital heart disease, and valve-related procedures are the most frequent indication for re-intervention. In these cases, problems such as advanced adhesion, deterioration ...

    Authors: Satoshi Fujita, Hideki Tatewaki, Ichiro Sakamoto, Yoshihisa Tanoue and Akira Shiose
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:1
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  29. Thymic mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MECs) are extremely rare malignant neoplasms. We describe a rare case of a MEC with a high histological grade in a patient who survived for more than 20 years after the initia...

    Authors: Shoko Hayashi, Keigo Matsushima, Masashi Mikubo, Masataka Tochimoto, Masaaki Ichinoe and Yukitoshi Satoh
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:105
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  30. Perioperative acute ischemic stroke following lung resection is relatively rare, though a devastating complication. Specifically, patients undergoing left upper lung lobectomy for lung cancer are likely to dev...

    Authors: Tomohito Saito, Takenobu Kunieda, Yasumasa Hashimoto, Mitsuaki Ishida, Natsumi Maru, Takahiro Utsumi, Hiroshi Matsui, Yohei Taniguchi, Haruaki Hino and Tomohiro Murakawa
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:104
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  31. Aortic–esophageal fistula (AEF) after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has a high fatality rate and is difficult to treat. Endoluminal vacuum therapy (EVT) has recently appeared and proven to be a u...

    Authors: Shizuka Yoshidome, Ken Sasaki, Hideyuki Fumoto, Yusuke Tsuruda, Masataka Shimonosono, Yasuto Uchikado, Daisuke Matsushita, Takaaki Arigami, Kenji Baba, Hiroshi Kurahara and Takao Ohtsuka
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:103
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  32. Various complications of permanent pacemaker implantation have been reported. However, late pacemaker lead-related myocardial perforation rarely occurs. Conservative treatment is generally selected, if possibl...

    Authors: Yoshiyuki Maruya, Takumi Yamaura, Hayato Mine and Hiroyuki Suzuki
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:102
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  33. An esophageal diverticulum is a relatively rare disease, with reports of treatment for esophageal cancer in the diverticulum even rarer.

    Authors: Momoko Fukuda, Toru Aoyama, Norio Yukawa, Mihwa Ju, Kazuki Kano, Tetsushi Ishiguro, Keisuke Kazama, Sho Sawazaki, Hiroshi Tamagawa, Ryosuke Ikeda, Hiroaki Kaneko, Shin Maeda, Aya Saito and Yasushi Rino
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:101
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  35. A unilateral absence of the pulmonary artery (UAPA) is a rare congenital anomaly, which in most patients is associated with congenital cardiovascular abnormalities. Some patients with UAPAs do not have associa...

    Authors: Megumi Kusano, Takashi Sakai, Takahiro Yoshizawa, Satoshi Koezuka, Yoko Azuma, Kazuma Kishi and Akira Iyoda
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:99
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  36. In bronchoplasty of wedge resections, it is necessary to transect the bronchus at a sharp angle and depth. As a result, anastomoses after wedge resections have the disadvantages of poor visibility and operabil...

    Authors: Hironori Oyamatsu, Yusuke Shimura, Ryota Kiriyama, Takehiko Okagawa, Takaki Fujimura and Seijirou Niimi
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:98
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  37. When cystic lesions are detected in the chest wall, postoperative seroma and abscesses can be considered in the differential diagnoses. Herein, we present a case of a large chest wall cyst with rapid growth 5 ...

    Authors: Shumpei Kato, Takashi Sakai, Megumi Kusano, Satoshi Koezuka, Hajime Otsuka, Yoko Azuma, Yasuko Kurose, Naobumi Tochigi and Akira Iyoda
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:97
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  38. Black esophagus, or acute esophageal necrosis (AEN), is a rare disease with a poor prognosis in which the esophageal mucosa is black in color. We report a case of esophageal perforation due to AEN that was suc...

    Authors: Takahiro Ochiai, Shinsuke Takeno, Fumiaki Kawano, Kousei Tashiro, Atsushi Nanashima, Ryo Tsuzuki and Kouichi Doi
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:96
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  39. Aspiration of fish bones is common, but perforation of the gastrointestinal tract is very rare. Once perforation occurs, fatal complications such as mediastinitis and cardiac tamponade can occur. Here, we pres...

    Authors: Yoshifumi Itoda, Toshiya Fukushima, Shuhei Kawamoto, Motoharu Shimozawa, Retsu Tateishi, Fumiya Haba, Shunya Ono, Yoshinori Nakahara and Takeyuki Kanemura
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:95
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  40. Primary cardiac angiosarcomas are extremely rare and their prognosis is poor. Surgical resection is the first-line treatment; however, no clear standard of care has been clearly established because of the rari...

    Authors: Yasuo Suehiro, Tetsuya Kajiyama, Ayaka Satoh, Hisashi Uemura, Takaya Nakagawa, Hajime Matsue, Hisashi Satoh, Naoto Takase and Hiroshi Doi
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:94
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2024 3:13

  41. Asymptomatic bronchial artery aneurysms (BAA) could be underdiagnosed, and the precise prevalence is unknown. Bronchial artery angiography revealed that this rare disease in about 1% of patients. BAA is fatal ...

    Authors: Hanae Higa, Takeaki Miyata, Toshifumi Saga and Takashi Yoshimatsu
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:93
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  42. Congenital bronchial atresia (CBA) is a rare bronchial abnormality. Adult patients with CBA generally do not show any symptoms. Although surgical resection is the first-line treatment, the indication for the s...

    Authors: Hironobu Samejima, Naoko Ose, Hideki Nagata, Soichiro Funaki and Yasushi Shintani
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:92
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  43. In the field of thoracic surgery, catamenial pneumothorax (CP) is known as a disease peculiar to women, but it is rare among female pneumothoraces and is rarely encountered in clinical practice. Meigs syndrome...

    Authors: Mao Takayama, Tetsuya So, Naoki Yamashita, Masatoshi Yamaoka, Takashi Yoshimatsu and Tsuneiro Oyama
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:90
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  44. Aspergillus empyema due to rupture of a pulmonary cavity including an aspergilloma is a serious condition especially in immunocompromised patients with various co-morbidities. Open window thoracotomy is usuall...

    Authors: Yue Cong, Masaaki Nagano and Masaaki Sato
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:91
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  45. Neonatal truncal valve plasty remains a significant challenge. Several surgical techniques have been reported, but there is no standard procedure. We herein report a novel operative technique for the quadricus...

    Authors: So Motono, Akihiko Higashida, Masaya Aoki and Naoki Yoshimura
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:62
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  46. Pleural mesothelioma is an aggressive malignant tumor and has a poor prognosis. In particular, biphasic pleural mesothelioma is a less common histologic type, and successful outcomes are rare.

    Authors: Kenshiro Omura, Ryuta Fukai, Tomoki Nishida, Nobuo Yamaguchi, Wataru Naitoh, Shinichi Teshima, Shunichi Tobe, Makoto Hibino, Fumihiro Tanaka and Masayuki Noguchi
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:57
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  47. Restrictive ventricular septal defect resulting in suprasystemic right ventricular pressure is a rare entity in tetralogy of Fallot patients. It is often caused by accessory tricuspid valve tissue protruding t...

    Authors: Kenichi Amano, Yasutaka Hirata, Miyuki Shibata and Minoru Ono
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:59
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  48. Traumatic diaphragmatic hernias are frequently associated with multiple organ injuries caused by high-energy trauma. Herein, we report a case of left traumatic diaphragmatic hernia complicated by traumatic Sta...

    Authors: Yuta Matsubayashi, Yusuke Takanashi, Keigo Sekihara, Takamitsu Hayakawa, Kiyomichi Mizuno, Akikazu Kawase, Masanori Sato, Norihiko Shiiya and Kazuhito Funai
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:89
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  49. Tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) usually provide a potent anti-tumor efficacy with robust radiographic response for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring acti...

    Authors: Yasuhiro Fujita, Nobuyuki Take, Shinji Shinohara, Masataka Mori, Masatoshi Kanayama, Masaru Takenaka, Koji Kuroda, Shohei Shimajiri and Fumihiro Tanaka
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:60
    Content type: Case Report Published on:

  50. Tracheobroncho-gastric fistula (TGF), a rare but potentially fatal complication following esophagectomy with gastric conduit reconstruction, has conventionally been treated with surgical repair and/or airway s...

    Authors: Masayuki Urabe, Koichi Yagi, Shuntaro Yoshimura, Motonari Ri, Shoh Yajima, Yasuhiro Okumura and Yasuyuki Seto
    Citation: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases 2023 2:58
    Content type: Case Report Published on:
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General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Cases

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